Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best
completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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Suicide
caused by rapid social and economic changes that have left a society without a clear system of moral
beliefs and sentiments is identified as: a. | egoistic | b. | altruistic | c. | anomic | d. | fatalistic | e. | a and c | | |
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2.
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If
unemployment causes an increase in crime, unemployment is a(n) _________ variable. a. | dependent | b. | independent | c. | control | d. | constant | e. | intervening | | |
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3.
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Which
author is NOT a control theorist? a. | Hirschi | b. | Reiss | c. | Nye | d. | Glueck | e. | Marx | | |
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4.
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The
degree to which an individual has affective ties to others, identifies the ________ bond of
Hirschi’s. a. | attachment | b. | belief | c. | involvement | d. | commitment | e. | stake in conformity | | |
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5.
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Naffine
theorized that females have lower involvement in delinquency and crime because: a. | they are more compliant | b. | they are more supervised | c. | they have intense involvement with nurturing
children | d. | they don’t
have paid employment | e. | all of the above | | |
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6.
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Which
of the following is a criticism of control theory? a. | It ignores the deterrent effect of
law. | b. | It does not
adequately account for the motivation to deviate. | c. | It is too individualistic. | d. | It is too conservative. | e. | All of the above. | | |
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7.
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How is
individual religious involvement related to crime? a. | There is no relationship. | b. | There is a negative relationship | c. | There is a negative relationship in communities with high
religious involvement but no relationship in other communities. | d. | There is a positive relationship in communities with high
religious involvement but no relationship in other communities. | e. | b and d | | |
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8.
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Control
theory is often thought to be too conservative because: a. | it fails to adequately deal with individual
psychology | b. | it fails to
acknowledge the biological component of behaviour | c. | it fails to see the structural factors that produce
crime | d. | it is too
individualistic | e. | c and d | | |
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9.
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Which
of the following is true about the relationship between schooling and delinquency? a. | school failure increases the chances of
delinquency | b. | liking school,
getting good grades, and getting along with the teacher decrease the chances of becoming
delinquent | c. | the classroom
process may weaken the adolescent’s attachment and thus increase the chances of
delinquency | d. | some teachers
provoke deviance | e. | all of the above | | |
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10.
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Which
is NOT true about the role of the family in delinquency? a. | if a child comes from a criminal family there is more
chance of being labelled delinquent | b. | very strict discipline in the family reduces
delinquency | c. | children who found
their family attractive and wanted to please them are less likely to engage in
delinquency | d. | supervision of
children is more likely to reduce the chances of delinquency than is any other
variable | e. | all of the
above | | |
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11.
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The
“general theory of crime” (Gottfredson and Hirschi) argues that some people lack
self-control because of: a. | poor or weak childhood
socialization | b. | anomie | c. | social bonds | d. | differential association | e. | strong unconventional bonds | | |
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